\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{xifthen}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,calc}

\def\MonPi{3.1416}
\begin{document}


	\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2]
		\coordinate (O) at (0,0);
		\coordinate (P) at (2,0);
		\draw[help lines] (O) circle (1cm);
		\coordinate (OldP) at (0:1cm);
		\foreach \angle in {1,2,...,361}{
			\coordinate (M) at (\angle:1cm);
			\coordinate (A) at ($(M)!1!90:(O)$);
			\coordinate (N) at ($(P)+(M)-(O)$);
			\coordinate (L) at (intersection of M--A and P--N);
			\draw[blue,thick] (OldP)--(L);
			\coordinate (OldP) at ($(L)$);
			\ifthenelse{\angle=110}{
				\draw (P)--(L)--(M)--(O);
				\fill[blue] (L) circle (0.4mm)node[above]{$L$};
				\fill[fill=white,draw=black] (M) circle (0.4mm)node[above]{$M$};
				}{}
			}
		\fill[fill=white,draw=black] (P) circle (0.4mm)node[right]{$P$};
		\fill[fill=white,draw=black] (O) circle (0.4mm)node[below]{$O$};

	\end{tikzpicture}

	\vspace{2cm}
	\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.0]
		\def\a{2.0}
		\def\e{1.5}
		\draw[->,>=angle 45] (0,0)--({1.2*\a*(1+\e)},0);
		\draw[domain=-\MonPi:\MonPi,variable=\t,samples=100,red,thick]
				plot ({\t r}:{\a*(1+\e*cos(\t r))});
		\fill[fill=white,draw=black,thick] (0,0) circle (0.6mm);
		\draw[very thick] (1,-1pt)--(1,1pt)node[below right]{$1$};
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

